--- The first tendency follows the lead of the Statement and emphasizes Social and
cultural factors: "the emergence of modern warfare has been a journey from the primacy
of emotional and motivational factors, sometimes called 'instincts' to the primacy of
cognitive factors." This tendency was expressed at Yamoussoukro and supported by UNESCO.
Pointing out that the Statement "did not deal with violence in all its complexity," it
calls for further research "into the cultural and socio-economic causes of violence."
With this end in mind. UNESCO plans to organize an "international interdisciplinary
seminar to study the cultural and social causes of violence as a contribution to further
reflection on the subject."

--- The second tendency is expressed by some researchers who continue the important
work on biological issues related to violence, This is exemplified by primatologist Frans
de Waal in his recent book Peacemaking among Primates (Harvard University Press, 1989):

"In treating peacemaking behavior, I am one biologist who endorses the "Seville
Statement on Violence" with substance as well as with spirit. This watershed
document, released in 1986, resulted from a meeting of international experts on
aggression in Seville, Spain. Not that I totally agree with the statement. In
order to reach their conclusion that "biology does not condemn humanity to war,"
the authors chose to downplay our evolutionary heritage. My own support comes
from within biology, complementing instead of denying previous insights. I view
aggressive behavior as a fundamental characteristic of all animal and human life,
but I also believe that this trait cannot be understood in isolation from the
powerful checks and balances that evolved to mitigate its effects."

--- As described in the enclosed article, Jen Hlavacek of the American Sociological 
Association has initiated a process for endorsement of the Statement by their section on 
the sociology of war and peace. This parallels the process which led to endorsements in 
previous years by the American Anthropological Association and the American Psychological
Association. In a related development, the Minnesota Psychological Association and the
New York State Psychological Association have each formally endorsed the Statement,
according to letters received from William Robiner and Sheryl Jacobson, respectively,
of those two associations. Their endorsements were prompted by the work of Helen Mehr,
who had previously obtained endorsement of the California State Psychological Association.

--- As described in the enclosed letter from Takehiko Ito, the Statement will be published
in both English and Japanese, along with other documents for world peace, in a book by
the Japanese Psychologists for Peace. It was also published recently in Arabic by George
Jabbour of the Arab Writers Union. It appeared in Literary Week, the organ of the Arab
Writers Union on December 14, 1989, along with a brief introduction by Jabbour. It will
also be published soon in his booklet, The Arabs and Human Rights, An up-to-date list
of publications of the Statement is enclosed.

--- Signatories and supporters of the Statement continue to disseminate it far and wide
(recent letters of inquiry and support came from as far as Chile, Indonesia and Mauritius).
Signatories Robert Hinde and Joe Groebel are editing a successor volume to their book
Aggression and War (Cambridge, 1989) which featured the Seville Statement. It will concern 
trust, cooperation, etc. Signatory Riitta Wahlstrom took the Statement to the recent
meetings of the International Peace Research Association, while supporter Claudia Zaslavsky
took it to a London conference on "Politics of Mathematics Education: Critique and Action"
and signatories J. Martin Ramirez and Diana L, Mendoza took it to a recent colloquium on
brain and aggression in Bogota, Columbia, where it was "highly commended." Jeffrey
Goldstein has included a synopsis of the Statement in his textbook Introduction to
Psychology, 2nd edition (with Patricia Wallace and Peter Nathan) Wm. C, Brown, publishers,
1990. And Dr. Margaret Matlin writes that she plans to discuss it in detail in her
forthcoming introductory psychology textbook to be published by Holt, Rinehart & Winston.

Peace,


David Adams
Corresponding Secretary